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Basic medicine teaching is an important part of the medical student cultivation.Its contents are boring and complicated,and difficult to learn and remember.In the process of basic medicine teaching,educational researchers have been trying to combine a variety of teaching methods and apply them flexibly.They want to be able to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the students.However,it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory result because of the limited number of course hours.The micro-media are open,interactive and no time limit.Therefore,combining micro-media with a variety of teaching methods in the teaching processis expected to create a new teaching mode of basic medicine and achieve a good teaching result.
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Cationic lipid nanoparticles possessing favorable biocompatibility and controllable particle size has at-tracted increasing attention in the field of non-viral vectors for delivering nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo.1,2-Dilinoleyloxy-3-dimethylaminopropane(DLinDMA)and its derivatives,one of the most important cationic lipid materials,have been widely studied as the mainly composition of cationic lipid nanoparticels.This paper summa-rized the structure,characteristics and clinical application of DLinDMA nanoparticles.
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This paper points out the experimental animal ethics education in pharmacology teaching and the im-portance of the experiment,it is good to raises the student good humanity accomplishment and scientific research quality, and promote medical research and life ethics of benign interaction.It also expounds the basic content of ex-perimental animal ethics education,including:animal welfare, the 3R principle, AAALAC accreditation and analy-sis of the experimental animal welfare legislation status, raises questions about animal ethics education problems and thinking in the pharmacology experiment teaching in ourschool.The experimental animal ethics education should become an important part of pharmacology experimental teaching, which enhanced the students′s ethical awareness to better understand and respect for life, and contribute to the sustainable development of medical and pharmaceutical research.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the surgical method of inferomedial orbital decompression under nasal endoscope for malignant hyperthyroid exophthalmos and surgical effect.@*METHOD@#Twenty one cases (27 eyes) of malignant hyperthyroid exophthalmos with poor visual function and appearance received part of inferomedial orbital wall excision.@*RESULT@#The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months after surgery. Ocular protrusion recessed 2-6 mm and averaged 4.85 mm in all cases. Visual acuity increased in 17 eyes, remained the same in 9 eyes and decreased in 1 eye. Diplopia appeared in 5 cases after surgery and disappeared in 3 months.@*CONCLUSION@#Part of inferomedial orbital wall excision under nasal endoscope has the advantage of clear visual field, accurate excision, little hurt and complications. It is an effective method for malignant hyperthyroid exophthalmos.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Endoscopy , Graves Disease , General Surgery , Nose , General Surgery , Orbit , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the prevalence and potential risk factors for pulmonary hypertension in the elderly hospitalized patients. Methods1093 elderly hospitalized patients aged (80.8 ± 9.8) years were examined by Doppler echocardiography for evaluating pulmonary hypertension which defined by pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)≥40 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa).The relative clinical testing data were collected. Results 115 patients (10.5％) of the elderly patients were diagnosed as pulmonary hypertension.The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients aged 85-100 years was 16.4％ (82/500),which was higher than in other ages. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis,age (OR=1.085,95％CI=1.025-1.148,P=0.005),left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (OR =3.954,95 ％ CI =1.812-8.627,P=0.001 ),internal diameter of right ventricle (OR=1.271,95％CI=1.112-1.452,P=0.000) and internal diameter of left atrium (OR=1.100,95％CI=1.013-1.194,P=0.023) were risk factors for pulmonary hypertension.ConclusionsThe prevalence of pulmonary hypertension is high in the elderly hospitalized patients,especially those aged 85 years and over,complicated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and enlargement of right ventricle and left atrium.
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OBJECTIVE:To screen formulation of Insulin cream and to investigate the effects of insulin cream on wound healing in rabbits.METHODS:The best formulation of insulin cream was selected from 8 kinds of formulations with appearance and stability as index.Rabbit trauma model were induced and divided into matrix group,blank group,Insulin cream groups(high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose).Wound healing rate and healing time were compared among those groups.RESULTS:The fifth formulation possessed good appearance and stability,which included albolene,cetanol,glycerin monostearate,glycerol,etc.Compared with matrix group,the wound healing rates were obviously increased at different time points in Insulin cream groups(P
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【Objective】To observe the effect of ligustrazine(Lig) on cell apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and p53 in rats hippocampal neurons after anoxia,and to explore its protective mechanism.【Methods】Primary culture technique of rat hippocampal neurons was used to establish the model of anoxia.At the 14th day of the culturing,the cultured cells were divided into model group,and high-,middle-and low-dosage ligustrazine (800,200 and 50 ?g/mL respectively) groups,which were exposed to anoxia environment for continuous 1.5 hours.Flow cytometer was used for the quantitative analysis of apoptosis rate of neurons,and in-situ hybridization was used to detect the bcl-2 and p53 mRNA expression of hippocampal neurons.【Results】In middle-dosage ligustrazine group after exposure to anoxia environment for 1.5 hours,the apoptosis rate and the bcl-2 and p53 mRNA expression of hippocampal neurons differed from those in other groups(P
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【Objective】 To investigate the effect of Kaixin Capsule (KC) on gene expression of myocardial immune inflammatory factor in dogs after resuscitation and to search for an effective way to counteract the progress of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 【Methods】 Fifteen hybrid dogs were randomly divided into three groups, 5 dogs each: pseudo-operation group (group A), model group (group B) and KC group (group C). The dog model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation was established; the dogs were executed and the heart was isolated 180 min after the recovery of autonomic circulation. Myocardial total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expression of objective gene was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 【Results】 mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR_4) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) in group B differed from that ingroup A (P
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AIM: This study was using man-made dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol to prepare antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(AsON) anionic liposomes and to investigate the inhibitory effect of an antisense phosphothioate oligodeoxynucleotides(AS-ODNs) liposome targeting BlaR1 mRNA in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).METHODS: Designed and synthesized AS-ODNs by software.Prepare liposome by thin film-dispersion,lyophilized technique.The appearances of liposomes were observed by transmission electron microscope.The liposomes were purified by centrifuge.The encapsulation efficiencies and the leaking efficiencies were determined by UV methods.The release properties in vitro were determined by agitation in PBS.The total colony forming unit(CFU) was counted.The bacteria growth curve was drawn by microplate reader.RESULTS: The liposomes were in spherical shape with uniform size.The encapsulation efficiency was(77.38)% and the leaking efficiency was(0.18)% after 1 month in lyophilized condition.The liposomes released 60% drug after 24h when incubated in PBS with mild agitation.The AS-ODNs liposome could significantly inhibit the growth of MRSA compared with control group and those AS-ODNs didn't encapsulated in liposome.Liposome encapsulated different concentration AS-ODNs could significantly decrease the CFU of MRSA,which showed a concentration dependent manner(P
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Objective To investigate the expression of histamine in the cardiac sympathetic fibers from the guinea pig superior cervical ganglion and its coexistence with norepinephrine so as to provide morphological evidence for histamine as a cardiac sympathetic neurotransmitter.Methods Biotinylated dextranamine(BDA) anterograde tracing and immunofluorescence histochemical staining for histamine/norepinephrine were applied.Results After injection of BDA into the superior cervical ganglion,BDA labeled sympathetic fibers in the left and right atria and ventricle were observed.Meanwhile,the tracing fibers proved histamine-like immunoreactive or both histamine and norepinephrine-like immunoreactive.Conclusion Histamine is expressed in the cardiac sympathetic fibers from the guinea pig superior cervical ganglion and coexisted with norepinephrine.
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AIM To study hypoxia reoxygenation induced apoptosis of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and the roles of nitric oxide in this process. METHODS Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were divided into two groups. Cells of one group were cultured in an incubator of 950 mL?L -1 N 2 and 50 mL?L -1 CO 2 for 16 h, 32 h and 48 h followed by normal incubation for 6h to form the cell model of hypoxia reoxygenation injury.Cells of another group were cultured in the same hypoxia condition for 16 h, 32 h and 48 h. Before they were put in normal condition for 6 h, NO donor SNAP was added to the media to form the final concentration of 100 ?mol?L -1 . Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and flow cytometer. RESULTS Apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL after hypoxia of 16 h, 32 h and 48 h followed by 6 h reoxygenation and the apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes were (5 5?0 7)%, (11 0?1 1)% and (14 2?1 6)% respectively detectedby flow cytometer. The apoptotic rates of myocardiums with SNAP were (3 2?0 7)%, (7 8?0 7)% and (10 9?1 0)% respsctively. CONCLUSION The apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes undergoing hypoxia reoxygenation injury increase with time of hypoxia; NO can inhibit apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes in this pathological process and thus may have a protective effect on cardiomyocytes.
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The intracellular signal transduction pathway of histamine H 3 receptor was reviewed. The modulatory effect to some neurotransmitters on cardiovascular system and the therapeutic potential of histamine H 3 receptor agonist was summarized.
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Objective To detect the location of histamine in peripheral sympathetic nerves of guinea pig. Methods Histidine decarboxylase mRNA was detected using in situ hybridization histochemistry with specific oligonucleotide probe,while histamine and tyrosine hydroxylase were detected using double labeled immunohistochemistry with anti-histamine antibody and anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibody in the superior cervical ganglia of guinea pig. Results The histidine decarboxylase mRNA hybridization signal were detected in both of large and small cells.The TH immunoreactive substance distributed in cytoplasm steadly,but lacked in the nuclei,while the histamine immunoreactive substance distributed in cytoplasm nearby the plasmalemma.After chemical destroy of the guinea pig SCG′s neuron with 6-OHDA,the immunoreactive materials were hardly detected.Conclusion Because the histidine decarboxylase is the only enzyme which catalyzes histidine into histamine,histamine may be synthesized and coexisted with monoaminergic neurotransmitters in the superior cervical ganglia of guinea pig.